Priority date
5.-(1) For the purposes of this Act the priority date of an invention to which an application for a patent relates and also of any matter (whether or not the same as the invention) contained in any such application is, except as provided by the following provisions of this Act, the date of filing the application.
(2) If in or in connection with an application for a patent (the application in suit) a declaration is made, whether by the applicant or any predecessor in title of his, complying with the relevant requirements of rules [Rule 6; Rule 8: made before 16 months after filing of earliest priority] and specifying one or more earlier relevant applications for the purposes of this section made by the applicant or a predecessor in title of his and the application in suit has a date of filing during the period allowed under subsection (2A)(a) or (b) below, then -
- (a) if an invention to which the application in suit relates is supported by matter disclosed in the earlier relevant application or applications, the priority date of that invention shall instead of being the date of filing the application in suit be the date of filing the relevant application in which that matter was disclosed, or, if it was disclosed in more than one relevant application, the earliest of them;
- (b) the priority date of any matter contained in the application in suit which was also disclosed in the earlier relevant application or applications shall be the date of filing the relevant application in which that matter was disclosed or, if it was disclosed in more than one relevant application, the earliest of them.
- (a) the period of twelve months immediately following the date of filing of the earlier specified relevant application, or if there is more than one, of the earliest of them; and
- (b) where the comptroller has given permission under subsection (2B) below for a late declaration to be made under subsection (2) above, the period commencing immediately after the end of the period allowed under paragraph (a) above and ending at the end of the prescribed period Rule 7(1) [two months (non-extendable)].
(2B) The applicant may make a request to the comptroller for permission to make a late declaration under subsection (2) above [Rule 7(2) for requirements].
(2C) The comptroller shall grant a request made under subsection (2B) above if, and only if -
- (a) the request complies with the relevant requirements of rules [Rule 7]; and
- (b) the comptroller is satisfied that the applicant's failure to file the application in suit within the period allowed under subsection (2A)(a) above was unintentional.
(3) Where an invention or other matter contained in the application in suit was also disclosed in two earlier relevant applications filed by the same applicant as in the case of the application in suit or a predecessor in title of his and the second of those relevant applications was specified in or in connection with the application in suit, the second of those relevant applications shall, so far as concerns that invention or matter, be disregarded unless:
- (a) it was filed in or in respect of the same country as the first; and
- (b) not later than the date of filing the second, the first (whether or not so specified) was unconditionally withdrawn, or was abandoned or refused, without -
[Intended to correspond with A87(4) EPC and A4(c)(4) of the Paris Convention]
(4) The foregoing provisions of this section shall apply for determining the priority date of an invention for which a patent has been granted as they apply for determining the priority date of an invention to which an application for that patent relates.
(5) In this section "relevant application" means any of the following applications which has a date of filing, namely -
- (a) an application for a patent under this Act;
- (aa)1 an application in or for a country (other than the United Kingdom) which is a member of the World Trade Organisation for protection in respect of an invention which, in accordance with the law of that country or a treaty or international obligation to which it is a party, is equivalent to an application for a patent under this Act;
- (b) an application in or for a convention country (specified under section 90 below) for protection in respect of an invention or an application which, in accordance with the law of a convention country or a treaty or international convention to which a convention country is a party, is equivalent to an application for a patent under this Act2 .
(6)3 (deleted)
Notes:
Manual of Patent Practice
The requirements for making late declarations of priority are to be relaxed by the Patents (Amendments) Rules 2007, SI 2007 No. 677, following (but not in consequence of) the case of Abaco Machines Application [2007] EWHC 347 (Pat), 28 February 2007 (see IPKat commentary).
See Haberman v Comptroller [2003] EWHC 430 (Pat) for an explanation of what happens if the requirements of s5(3) are not met.
G 2/98: direct and unambiguous disclosure requirement:
- "The requirement for claiming priority of "the same invention", referred to in Article 87(1) EPC, means that priority of a previous application in respect of a claim in a European patent application in accordance with Article 88 EPC is to be acknowledged only if the skilled person can derive the subject-matter of the claim directly and unambiguously, using common general knowledge, from the previous application as a whole."
- followed in UK by Unilin Beheer v Berry Floor [2004] EWCA Civ 1021 at para 38-48, also noting Biogen v Medeva (enablement):
- "Is there enough in the priority document to give the skilled man essentially the same information as forms the subject of the claim and enables him to work the invention in accordance with that claim?".
See also Pharmacia v Merck [2001] EWCA Civ 1610 at paras 91-103 on enabling disclosure.
Note G 2/02 and G 3/02: cannot claim priority under Article 87(5) EPC for "convention countries" that are not also members of the Paris convention; EPO is not a party to TRIPS
